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Sains
Malaysiana 52(7)(2023): 2115-2126
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5207-17
Mechanical
Characteristics of Developed Brick from Drinking Water Sludge under Different
Firing Temperatures and Rice Husk Ash Contents
(Pencirian
Mekanikal Bata yang Dibangunkan daripada Air Minuman Enapcemar di Bawah Suhu
Pembakaran Berbeza dan Kandungan Abu Sekam Padi)
ZULFAHMI ALI RAHMAN*, HAFIS NAZARAH, WAN MOHD RAZI IDRIS
& TUKIMAT LIHAN
Department of Earth Science and Environment, Faculty
of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi,
Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 13 Februari 2023/Diterima: 10 Julai 2023
Abstract
There
is a considerable interest in making alternative bricks using wastes. Firing
temperature has been significantly improved the mechanical qualities of bricks.
The aim of this study was to investigate into the impact of firing temperature
and rice husk ash content on the mechanical properties of drinking water sludge
bricks (DWS). Two types of bricks were
produced; bricks made of 100% DWS (DWS100) and bricks with 80% DWS and 20% RHA
(DWS80). These samples were subjected to different thermal variations of 300 °C
and 700 °C for three hours. The unfired brick samples were also prepared for
reference. The volume changes of the
DWS100 bricks increased as the firing temperature climbed up to 500 °C, before
dropped at 700 °C. A similar behaviour
was also exhibited by DWS80 bricks, however it shrunk at earlier temperature of
500 °C. At 500 °C and 700 °C, the density of bricks decreased dramatically,
with DWS80 bricks consistently being lesser than DWS100 bricks. The water
absorption of DWS80 brick began to decrease at 500 °C, a lower temperature than
that of DWS100, as the firing temperature climbed. RHA-added bricks (DWS80)
were anticipated to absorb more water than DWS100 bricks, but this did not
occur. This presumably induced by the constriction of clay mineral structure
rather than organic matter removal at high temperature per se. The compressive
strength increased with the increase in temperature. It can be inferred that
RHA can decrease the compressive strength of RHA-added bricks, despite the fact
that a higher fire temperature significantly increased their strength.
Keywords: Brick; compressive strength; drinking
water sludge; rice husk ash
Abstrak
Terdapat minat yang besar dalam membuat bata
alternatif menggunakan bahan buangan. Suhu pembakaran telah meningkatkan
kualiti mekanikal batu bata dengan ketara. Matlamat penyelidikan ini adalah
untuk mengkaji kesan suhu pembakaran dan kandungan abu sekam padi terhadap
sifat mekanikal bata air minuman enapcemar (DWS). Dua jenis bata telah
dihasilkan; bata diperbuat daripada 100% DWS (DWS100) dan bata dengan 80% DWS
dan 20% RHA (DWS80). Sampel ini tertakluk kepada variasi terma berbeza 300 °C
dan 700 °C selama tiga jam. Sampel bata yang tidak dibakar juga disediakan
untuk rujukan. Perubahan volum bata DWS100 meningkat apabila suhu pembakaran
meningkat sehingga 500 °C, sebelum turun pada 700 °C. Tingkah laku serupa juga
ditunjukkan oleh bata DWS80, namun ia mengecut pada suhu awal 500 °C. Pada 500
°C dan 700 °C, ketumpatan bata menurun secara mendadak dengan bata DWS80 secara
tekal kurang daripada bata DWS100. Penyerapan air bata DWS80 mula berkurangan
pada 500 °C, suhu yang lebih rendah daripada DWS100, apabila suhu pembakaran
meningkat. Bata RHA-tambah (DWS80) dijangka menyerap lebih banyak air daripada
bata DWS100, tetapi ia tidak berlaku. Ini mungkin disebabkan oleh penyempitan
struktur mineral tanah liat dan bukannya penyingkiran bahan organik pada suhu
tinggi per se. Kekuatan mampatan meningkat dengan peningkatan suhu. Ia boleh
disimpulkan bahawa RHA boleh mengurangkan kekuatan mampatan bata RHA-tambah,
walaupun pada hakikatnya suhu api yang lebih tinggi meningkatkan kekuatannya
dengan ketara.
Kata kunci: Abu sekam padi; air minuman enapcemar;
bata; kekuatan mampatan
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: zarah1970@ukm.edu.my
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